Benjamin mosee



(ModeL) 3 SheetsSheet 1.

B. MOSER. 11001;.

No. 313,439. Patented Mar. 3, 1885..

WITNESSES: INVENTOR ATTOW N. Pnzns. Pholwlzlhugmphcr. Wnshingiul.

(ModeL) I 3 Sheets-Sheet; 2.

' B. MOSHE.

LOOK.

No. 313,439. v Patented Mar. 3, 1885.

WITNESSES: S INVENTOR W' I BY M Mum ATTORNEY (ModeL) B. MOSER.

LOOK.

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

Patented Mar. 3, 1885.

' 2/. WITNESSES: I

a W m 4 N PETERS Phoivhlhugmpher. washin xun. u. C.

INVENTOR ATTORNEY A'IENI (Enrica.

BENJAMIN MOSER, O'F BROOKLYN, NEW YORIQ.

LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 313,439, dated March 3, 1885.

Application filed September 10, 1884. (Model.)

New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locks, of which the following is a specification.

The invention has relation to an improvement in looks; and it consists in the elements IO hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

The invention that is the subject of this application is an improvement upon the lock described in my applicat'on for Letters Patent of the United States filed on the 1st day of May, 1884.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view looking at the interior of the lock, the coveringplate being broken and a portion of the interior pieces being shown by dotted lines. Fig. 2 is a section on the line :0 w of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 represents the under face and edge of the vibrating lever H. Fig. 4 is a section on the line y 3 of Fig. 1.

2 Fig. 5 is a similar view of the same, showing the key in position in the lock. Figs. 6 and 7 are detached transverse sections through the cylinder m, the former showing the position of the parts before the key is inserted and the 0 latter after the key has been applied. Fig. 8

is aview of the inner face of the coveringplate h. Fig. 9 is an interior View of a modifled form of the invention. Fig. 10 is a section of same on the line 2 z of Fig. 9. Fig. 11

5 is a similar view on said line of the cylinder m, showing the key inserted therein. Figs. 12 and 18 are sections of the cylinder at on the line w w of Fig. 9, the latter figure illustrating the key in position. Fig. 14 is a view of a lock embracing a modification of the invention, a portion of the covering-plate of the lock being broken away, so as to show the interior construction thereof. Fig. 15 is a view of the interior of the lock. Fig. 16 is a ver- 4 5 tical section on the line a a of Fig. 14. Fig.

17 is a detached sectional view on the line b b of Fig. 14, looking in the direction of the bolt. Fig. 18 is a section on the line 0 c of Fig. 14, showing the position of the stop-pins n 0 prior to the insertion of the key. Fig. 19

is a sectional view on the line d d of Fig. 14.

Fig. 20 is a similar View of same, illustrating the position of the stop-pins n 0 after the key has been inserted for the purpose of turning the casing on inclosing said pieces; and Fig. 21 is a sectional view on the line 0 c of Fig. 14, also illustrating the position of the stop-pins a 0 after the key has been inserted into the casing m.

I will first describe the particular construction of the principal embodiments of my invention and then that of the modifications thereof.

In the drawings, referring to Figs. 1 to 7,

inclusive, A denotes the bolt, the shank B of which extendsasuitable distanceinto thelockcasing E, and is provided adjacent to its front end with the shoulder 'O and projection D. The bolt has the usual sliding movement in the case, being guided therein by the lugs ab 0, the lug a serving to prevent any undue forward movement of the bolt.

WVithin the casing E is provided the spring F, which bears against and exerts a forward tension upon the bolt in the customary manner.

Upon the inner end of the bolt-shank B is provided a post, G, which enters the slots d d, formed in the vibrating levers H and H, connected with the knob-spindle I, so that upon the rotation ofthe spindlethelevers will move against the post and operate to draw the bolt either into the casing or permit the spring F to force it into its forward position. The 1evers H H are connected with sleeves e and f, which encompass the knob-spindle in the customary manner, and the slot (2 in the lever H is somewhat wider than the thickness of the post G, as shown by'dotted lines in Fig. 1, while the slot (1 in the lever H snugly fits upon said post. the slots (Z d is to permit the lever H to have a slight movement before it acts upon the post G to operate the bolt A. Upon the lever H being moved by the knob-spindle it at once acts upon the post G and the bolt.

Upon the lower edge of the vibratinglever H is formed the lug J, thepurpose of which will be hereinafter mentioned.

Upon one side of the bolt-shank B is secured, upon a pivot, K, the oscillating lever L, the front end of which is provided with a The purpose of this formation of 7 lug, M, which at the proper timeengages the projection D, formed on the bolt. The lever L is provided upon one side with the arm N, against which a spring, 0, exerts a tension to force the forward end of the lever L in 0011- tact with the front portion of the bolt.

In the rear end of the lever L is cut a notch, P, to receive the lug J on the vibrating lever H, in order that when said lever H is vibrated the lug will come in contact with the rear wall of the notch and force the rear end of the lever L toward the adjacent end of the bolt-shank B, whereby the front end and the lug M will be freed from contact with the projection D. \Vhen the knob-spindle is turned to give the lever H a movement toward the front-that is, toward the bolt Athe lug J will permit the spring 0 to force the front portion of the lever L in contact with the bolt, said portion of the-lever coining either behind the shoulder 0 or against the side of the bolt in front of the projection D.

Tothe front portion of the oscillating lever L issecured one end of the arm Q, theother end of which passes on the upper side of the slide S, which is retained against the front Wall of the casingE by the spri ng T, and may be moved toward or from the bolt A by means of the pin V, extending from the slide through a slot,'W, cut in the front wall of the casing. When the slide S is moved toward the upper edge of the casing IE, it will draw with it the arm Q,whereby the front end of the oscillating lever L and the lug M will be drawn from contact with the bolt, and at this time the bolt will operate as a simple latch, but when the slide S is moved toward the bolt A it will permit the spring 0 to force the lug M on the front end of the oscillating lever L either in front of the projection D or behind the shoulder 0, according to the position of the bolt A. When the front end of the lever L and the lug M are behind the shoulder O, the bolt A will be effectually locked. withdrawn from contact with the bolt A from either the inside or out-side of the doorfrom the inside by means of the knob-spindle, and from the outside by means of the key, hereinafter described. The knob-spindle I is formed of two sections, swiveled at X in the usual manner, the joint when the spindle is in position in the lock being centrally between the sleeves ef, so that when the knob on the inner side of the door is rotated it will turn the sleeve 6 and vibrating lever H, and when the knob on the outside of the door is turned it will simply operate the sleeve f and vibrating lever H. When the knob on the inner side of the door is rotated to move the lever H, as aforesaid, it will cause the projection J to bear against the rear wall of the notch P and throw the front end of the lever L from contact with The lever L, with its lug M, may be tact with the bolt, causes the shank B to move rearward, unlocking the door. The door cannot be unlocked, however, by turning the knob on the outer end of the spindle, since the movement of the lever H caused thereby will not have the effect of freeing the oscillating lever L; hence, to open the door from the outer side, it will be necessary not only to operate the knob, but to use a key in freeing the lever L from contact with the boltthat is, of course, unless the slide S is retained in its upward position, which, as aforesaid, has the effect of freeing the said lever L. When, however, the key, hereinafter described, is applied to free the lever L, the door may be opened from the outside by simply turning the knob.

Upon the inner edges of the casing E is arranged the plate -h, having a suitable aperture, i, to permit the passage through it of the knobspindle, and being provided with the slotsj k, over which is secured,by means oi the screw Z, the cylindrical casing on, which is slotted vertically at its center, and contains two series of stop pins, n o. The screw Z enters the cylinder at at its center, and serves as a pivot upon which the cylinder may be turned freely when the stop-pins n 0 are in proper position to permit this result.

Upon the lower edge of the cylinder m is provided a pin, 1), which passes through the slot q, cut in the plate h, and terminates behind the arm N, forming a part of the oscillating lever L.

On the inner face of the plate It is secured, upon a bar, 1', the series of parallel springs s, the free ends of which cross the slotsj k and support the lower series of stop-pins, 0. The stop-pins forming the upper series, n, rest upon the stop-pins 0, the latter constituting the lower series, as shown. The upper edge of the stop-pins n presents a smooth surface, while their lower edge has an irregular surface corresponding with the upper edge of the pins 0, as shown in Fig. 4, the lower edge of the pins 0 being regular and resting upon the springs s, as aforesaid. Thelower edge of the key will be provided with an edge or wards corresponding with the irregular surface presented by the lower edge of the series of stoppins n or the upper edge of the series of stoppins 0. In introducing the key into the oylinder m the object is to so move the two series of stop-pins n 0 that they will permit the turning of the said cylinder m, which motion carries the pin 1) against the arm N, thereby moving the front end of the oscillating lever L from contact with the bolt, at which time, by turning the knob on the outside of the door, the bolt A may be drawn into the casing E, unlocking the door. The stop-pins n 0 will be in a position to permit the turning of the cylinder m in the manner just described when the stop-pins 0 have been so far pressed into the lock-casing that their upper edges will present a regular surface and be flush with the upper edges of the slots j lo cut in the plate h.

It will appear obvious that upon the introduction of the key having an irregular lower edge corresponding with the lower edge of the pins n theupper edge of the said pins,

owing to the pressure of the springs s, will fill the interstices in the lower edge of the key, whereby the lower edge of the said pins will present a smooth surface, as shown in Fig. 5, necessitating a like movement in the pins 0, whereby their upper edge will present a smooth surface and their lower edge an irregular one corresponding with the present appearance of the upper edge of the pins or. The various positions of the stop-pins n 0 are illustrated in Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7, the position of the stop-pins when in condition to permit the cylinder at to turn being shown in Fig. 5.

Upon the removal of the key from the cylinder m the springs s will force the stop-pins a 0 to their former position. The stop-pins n 0 will vary in length and width for the different looks, and the keys will have wards cut in their lower edge to correspond with the condition of the stop-pins, in order that for the various looks different keys must be used. The

stop'pins may of course be altered almost to an unlimited extent, and unless the lower edges of the stop-pins a are brought flush with the upper surface of the plate h the key will not turn the cylinder m, and consequently will not free the lever L from contact with the bolt. It will be seen, therefore, that the key must be fitted to each new set of stop-pins,

and that by reason of this the lock is rendered a particularly safe one.

The knob-spindle I will be inserted through the casing E from, the outer side of the door, and the outer end of said spindle will be thicker than the other end, in order that when the outer knob is removed said spindle cannot be forced directly through the lock, should this be attempted in endeavoring to open the look without the proper key.

It will be observed from the foregoing description that the lock may be used as an ordinary latch when, by the operation of the slide S, the lever L is freed from contact with the bolt A, and at this time the bolt may be moved by the knob from either side of the door; that upon turning the knob from the inner side of the door the lever L will be freed from contact with the bolt and the bolt drawn into the casing unlocking the door, and that upon the key being applied to the stop pins n 0 and the cylinder at turned the lever L will be freed from contact with the bolt A, at which time the bolt may be drawn into the casing by turning the knob on the outer side of the door. When the key is withdrawn from the cylinder at and the bolt is in its rearward position, the spring 0 will cause the projection M on the front end of the lever L to close against the bolt in front of the projection D, whereby the spring F is only permitted to force the bolt about half of its usual forward throw; but upon the closing of the door the sudden striking of the beveled end of the bolt against the nosing of the door will drive the bolt into the casing E, and at this time the spring F will have sufficient impetus to carry the shoulder D past the projection M and fully lock the door.

In Fig. 9 I illustrate a modification of the invention described in the foregoing partof post-office boxes, trunks, and to other appliances where it would not be desirable to employ knobs. In this modification the cylinder m is transferred to the upper rear corner of i the casing E, and is composed of two parts, it x,-containing stop-pins n 0, the upper part, a, being capable of revolution upon the lower part,and carrying the vibrating lever H, which incloses the post G, and is supplied with the projection J, which enters the notch P, formed in the lever L, as aforesaid. The springs s of this modification are employed in connection with the stop-pins n 0, and the operation of said stop-pins is the same as in the lock first above described. Upon the introduction of the key to the cylinder at, composed of the parts to a, the part :0 may be turned when the lower edge of the upper series or set of stoppins a is flush with the upper surface of the part w, and when said part 00 is turned the vibrating lever H will be moved with it, and will free the lever L at the beginning of its movement, and then withdraw the bolt A, unlocking the door. While in'this modification I dispense with the knob-spindle and doorknobs, I do not, however, depart from the principle of the lock which I have described as constituting the main embodiment of my invention.

The modification shown in Fig. 14 is similar in principle to that illustrated in Fig. 1, and in this modified form ofinvention E denotes the lock-casing, A the bolt having the shank B and the usual spring F. L represents the oscillating lever pivoted at one side of the bolt, its forward end being arranged to be thrown behind the shoulderO, formed on said bolt, at the proper time for the purpose of locking the bolt in its forward position. The lever L in this modification has an arm, A, against which the spring 0 impinges, and is provided'with the arm N, against which the pin on'the casing m operates for the purpose of freeing the forward end of the lever L from contact with the bolt when the key is applied, as hereinafter specified. In front of the arm A is provided the arm B, which will be operated by a spindle from the inner side of the door, and its purpose is (when turned so that its lug G will enter the notch D, cut in the arm A) to turn the lever L upon its pivot and withdraw the front end thereof from contact with the bolt, when the latter may be withdrawn intothe casing. WVhen the movement of the arm B is reversed, the lug C will leave the notch D, and at this time the spring 0 will turn the lever L to its former position, throwing the front end thereof behind the shoulder O and locking the bolt. The arm B operates to effect the same result as the slide S in the lock. (Illustrated in Fig. 1.) Upon the rear end of the bolt-shank B is provided two studs, in which the arm z has a movement when actuated by the usual knob-spindle to withdraw the bolt A into the casing E. In the plate h of the casing is cut a slot, E, below which are arranged the free ends of the series of springs s, to support the lower series or set of stop-pins, 0, arranged in a cylinder, m, as in Fig. 9. The cylinder in is secured and has a pivotal movement upon a screw, F, which in the presentinstance passes through the plate h and into one side of the said cylinder m. The cylinder m, with its stop-pins n 0, is the same as the similarly-lettered cylinder in the lock shown in Fig. 1. The main difference between this modified form of the lock and the lock illustrated in Fig. 1 is in the detail of construction and the formation of the oscillating lever L.

In all of the locks above described the operation ofthe stop-pinsn 0 is the same. The fact that the stoppins are independent of each other and each has ayielding support effectually precludes the possibility of taking an impression from them for the purpose of making a false key. It is true, also, that in addition to this reason and what has been said hereinbefore in regard to turning the cylinder m, other difficulties would be experienced in any attempt to pick the look. In operating upon the stop-pins n 0 any one attempting to pick the lock would not have the benefit of hearing or being able to feel when the stoppins had arrived at that point where they would permit the cylinder m to be rotated for the purpose of freeing the oscillating lever L from the bolt, and in this respect the principle of the lock resembles the lock shown in the application filed by me on the 1st day of May, 1881, as aforesaid. Any contact of the parts that may be heard or felt by one trying to pick the lock would be such as could not be removed, and would not serve to enlighten such person upon the interior construction of the lock or the location of its parts.

What I claim as my invention, and'desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a lock, the bolt A, having a shoulder,

- in combination with the oscillating lever L,

provided with an arm, one end of said lever being adjacent to said shoulder on the bolt, a

finger-piece by which the lever L may be freed from the bolt independent of the key, and a rotating casing, m, having a pin projecting in proper relation to the lever L, to secure its movement from the bolt when the casing is rotated by the key, substantially as set forth.

2. In a lock, the bolt having a shoulder, in combination with the oscillating lever L, one end of which is adjacent to the said shoulder, a spindle, and the vibrating lever H thereon, engaging the bolt-shank,and having a lug, J, which enters a receiving-notch in the lever L, whereby the lever L may be freed from contact with the bolt and the bolt withdrawn into the casing, substantially as set forth.

3. In a lock, the bolt having a shoulder, in combination with the oscillating lever L, one end of which is adjacent to said shoulder, the knob-spindle made in two sections connected by a swiveled joint, the vibrating lever H, arranged upon one of the said sect-ions,and having a lug, J, which enters a receiving-notch in the lever L, and the vibrating lever H, arranged upon the other one'of the sections of the kn0b-spindle, and having its outer end in engagement with the bolt-shank, substantially as set forth.

4. In a lock, the pivotally-secured casing m, containing the sets of stop-pins n 0, which vary in length,and are arranged one upon the other, the lower set of stop-pins being supported by springs s, in combination with apin connected with the casing 1n, the bolt A, and lever L, provided with an arm, the arrangement ofthe pin, bolt, and lever being suchthat upon the rotation of the casing by the key the pin will serve to 'free the lever from the bolt, substantially as set forth.

5. ha lock, the bolt having a shoulder upon its forward portion, in combination with the oscillating lever L, the front end of which is adjacent to the said shoulder, and the rear end of which is supplied with a notch, P, the vibrating lever H, connected with the knobspindle, and provided with a lug. J, which meshes with the notch P, the post G, formed upon the bolt-shank,and entering the slot d in the lever H, whereby when the knob-spindle is turned the lever L is freed from contact with the bolt and the latter is drawn into the casing, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

Signed at New'York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 8th day of September, A. D. 1884.

BENJAMIN MOSER.

Witnesses:

CHAS. O. GILL, HERMAN GUSTOW. 

